基于多元文化基因理论的中外休闲文化剖析

Chinese and Foreign Recreational Cultures Based on Multi-cultural Gene Theory

在对休闲概念的中外认知对比的基础上,发现休闲文化除了是一种个体的行为以外,还受到经济、文化、地理、艺术、种族、宗教、历史等因素的限制,从而导致各地的休闲文化各异。道金斯提出的文化基因理论有3个特性:一是遗传性,二是变异性,三是选择性;利用该理论进行剖析休闲文化,认为首先中外地域文化对休闲文化的传承不同而导致各异,其次是社会演进方式不同导致休闲文化发展模式不一致,现代交通和通讯技术的发展加快了休闲文化的传播;最后以奥运文化的起源和传播作为着眼点,运用文化基因理论对奥运的起源和传播进行合理诠释。

Based on contrasts in Chinese and foreign cognition, as well as an individual behavior, recreation is restricted by many factors such as economy, culture, geographical feature, art, race, religion and history, which lead to diverse recreation cultures of different places. According to three characteristics of cultural genetic theories that are transmissibility, variability and selectivity put forward by Dawkins, this paper analyses the differences in recreational cultures firstly caused by the fact that Chinese and foreign regional cultures determine the different inheritance to the recreational cultures, and then by the social development mode. Recreational culture dissemination is accelerated by the development of modern culture transportation and communication. Finally, the cultural genetic theories are applied to give a reasonable explanation to the origin and dissemination of the Olympic culture.