论爱默生的“自立”概念

On Emerson’s "Self-reliance"

爱默生塑造"美国人"的全部秘密皆隐藏在他的"自立"学说中。甚至可以说,美国乃至美国人的伟大生命力和创造力,便发源于这种学说。这不仅因为爱默生的"自立"概念蕴含了美国人独立自主、乐观向上的自强精神,更重要的是,其中隐藏着深厚的宗教内涵。正是这种宗教内涵,成为美国民族和美国人民的精神支柱,为他们的生存提供了强大的精神动力。本文探讨和分析了"自立"学说的宗教内涵,进而揭示其何以成为美国人的生命之源,如何奠定了美国实用主义宗教哲学的出发点和基本倾向。

Emerson’s key to modeling the typical American people finds expression in his doctrine of 'self-reliance' and it might be safe to say that the great vitality and creativity of USA and the American people has its origin in this doctrine. Emerson’s doctrine of 'self-reliance' embodies not only the American spirit of self-reliance and optimism but also rich religious implications which are the spiritual pillar of the American nation and the motive power for their survival. The paper discusses the implications of this spirit and reveals their influence as both the motive power of the American people and the starting point and general orientation of the religious pragmatism of USA.