心理干预对老年冠心病患者焦虑和抑郁情绪的影响

Effect of psychological intervention in anxiety and depression of elderly patients with coronary heart disease

目的探讨心理干预对老年冠心病患者焦虑和抑郁情绪的影响。方法将本院住院的180例老年冠心病患者随机分为对照组和干预组各90例。对照组接受常规的治疗和健康教育;干预组除常规的治疗和健康教育外,增加系统心理护理,内容包括一般心理治疗、个别心理指导、身心放松训练、集体心理治疗、家庭及社会支持治疗。对所有入选患者焦虑、抑郁状况采用焦虑、抑郁自评量表进行问卷调查。比较两组心理干预前后失眠、胸闷、胸痛、纳差等临床表现的变化、心电图改变及焦虑自评量表(SAS)和抑郁量表(SDS)评分的变化。结果经过心理干预后,实验组临床疗效优于对照组;实验组SAS、SDS得分均明显低于对照组(P<0.01)。结论对老年冠心病患者进行心理护理干预,可改善其焦虑和抑郁情绪,提高临床疗效。

Objective To explore the influence of systemic psychological intervention on anxiety and depression of senile coronary heart disease（CHD） patients（age≥60Y）. Methods 180 patients with CHD were divided into two groups at random, the control group （n = 90） and the intervention group （n= 90）. Patients in control group accepted the routine treatment and nursing. While patients in the intervention group were given the systemic psychological intervention, including general psychological treatment, individual psychological guidance, physical and mental relax training,group mental treatment, family and social support treatment additionally. Then scores of self-rating anxiety scale （SAS）, self-rating depression scale （SDS） and the clinical effects including insomnia, chest tightness, chest pain, anorexia were compared between two groups. Results The SAS and SDS scores in the intervention group were obviously lower than those in the control group （P〈0.01）, the clinical results were obviously better than those in the control group （P〈0.01）. Conclusions Systemic psychological intervention can markedly reduce the negative emotions of patients with CHD, and improve the effect of clinical treatment.