益母草氯仿提取物对大鼠的肝肾毒性评价

Hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity of chloroform extract from Herba leonuri in rats

目的考察益母草(HL)氯仿提取物对大鼠肝、肾的毒性影响。方法HL氯仿提取物按60g·kg-1·d-1剂量给大鼠连续灌胃15d,再停药观察15d,分别于给药第15、30天留取大鼠的尿、血和肝、肾组织标本,检测相关肝、肾功能指标,观察肝、肾形态组织学变化;同时设HL给药组作比较。结果HL氯仿提取物连续用药15d,血清丙氨酸转氨酸、天冬氨酸转氨酸、尿素氮、肌酐和尿蛋白、尿N-乙酰氨基葡萄糖苷酶指标水平明显升高,肝、肾组织可见肿胀、少量炎细胞浸润等病理损伤。停药后肝肾功能指标中除尿蛋白水平未见降低外,其余指标水平均降低,组织中细胞肿胀程度减轻。HL氯仿提取物对大鼠所致的肝肾损伤程度略强于HL。结论HL氯仿提取物具有明显的肝肾毒性,除对尿蛋白的影响在短期内不可逆外,对其余检测指标的影响均有一定可逆性。

Objective To study the toxic effect of chloroform extract from Herba Leonuri （CE） on the liver and kidney in rats. Methods CE was given intragastrically to rats at the dose of 60 g · kg^-1·d^-1 for 15 days. Rats were continued fed without giving the drug for the further 15 days. At the fifteenth day and the thirtieth day, the sample of urine, blood, liver and kidney of rats were collected. The biochemical parameters served as the markers of the liver and renal function were measured and the pathological examination of the liver and renal were performed. The group given Herba Leonuri （HL） was also established for comparison. Results CE caused significant increases in blood ALT, AST, BUN, creatinine （Cr）, urinary protein（Upro） and urinary NAG. It also caused pathologically damage to the liver and kidney such as cellular swelling and a few inflammatory infiltrations. After restoration, the level of the liver and renal function nleasured except for Upro decreased, and the degree of cellular swelling lessened. The toxic effect of CE was serious than HL. Conclusion CE displayed obvious liver and renal toxicity. The effect of CE on Upro was irreversible in the short time; however, the other toxic effects were reversible.