中美劳动者保护立法的模式比较及思考

The Comparison and Analysis of Legislation of Labor Protection in China and U.S.

美国与我国的法律制度都强调保障劳动者的权利,限制雇主滥用其支配地位。但是两者侧重点有所不同,美国在实行雇佣自由的同时强调禁止雇佣歧视;而我国则强调提高解雇保护以稳定劳动关系。相比之下,美国的法律制度更有利于劳动关系和谐。我国今后立法可以借鉴美国当前法律制度,在加强反歧视立法的同时放宽解雇保护。

Legislations in both China and America stress the importance to protect the labors from the employers＇abuse of their vantage position. However, there are differences about how the legislations in each country achieve that purpose. Legislations in America adopt ＇ at will employment＇while promoting anti-discrimination. On the other hand, legislations in China emphasize on safeguarding the stability of employment relations by restricting employers＇ right to discharge. By comparing the two systems, the American system should be more favorable in terms of harmonious employment relations. Future legislations in China can make reference to the current American system by improving anti-discrimination lawmakings and loosening the restriction of discharge.