类比法在圆明园防渗工程环评中的应用

Application of Analogy Method to Environmental Impact Assessment for Anti-leakage Engineering of Yuanmingyuan Park

生态系统以其复杂性、需长期监测的特点成为环境影响评价中的难点。文章采用了类比法,以圆明园防渗铺膜工程的生态影响评价为例,选取了铺膜1年的圆明园26#湖,铺膜3年的北京植物园湖,铺膜10年的中央党校湖,清淤未铺膜的颐和园昆明湖和未清淤未铺膜的密云水库作为类比对象,对水生生态系统中的底栖动物、浮游藻类、浮游动物和水生维管植物进行了类比,为圆明园防渗工程的生态影响评价和预测提供了有力的依据。实践证明,合理的类比法应用可以快速有效地对工程项目的生态影响进行评价。

Ecosystem evaluation, due to its complication and requiring long term monitoring, is becoming one of the most difficult part in environmental impact assessment （EIA） process. As one of the evaluation approaches, analogy method was used in EIA for Anti-leakage Engineering in Yuanmingyuan Park. Five analogical lake objects were selected, with elements of aquatic ecosystem such as zoobenthos, floating algae, zooplanktons and aquatic vascular plants chosen as analogy indicators. The study can strongly support the whole EIA for the anti-leakage project, and it was proved that proper application of analogy method could improve the ecosystem evaluation within EIA.