杂交水稻光温特性的因子分析

Factor analysis on characteristics of the light & temperature in hybrid rice

【目的】评价杂交水稻的光温特性,为高产优质杂交水稻品种的选育和生产中品种的合理布局提供参考。【方法】用因子分析方法,对52个杂交水稻营养生长期、抽穗开花期和灌浆成熟期的光温因子指标进行分析,评价杂交水稻的光温特性。【结果】3个公因子对变异的方差累计贡献率达91.74%,公因子1,2和3的贡献率分别为49.44%,23.20%和19.10%,其能真实反映12个光温指标及其相互关系;在杂交水稻的全生育期中,光温因子对杂交水稻生长发育影响最大的生育期是营养生长期,其次是灌浆成熟期。光温敏感型的杂交水稻组合主要有BⅡA×1-22、Ⅱ-32A×YB6、S420×T411、Q-A×1-11、BⅡA×NC、YS3550、N2×3550、YS122和BⅡA×1-10;光温钝感型的杂交水稻组合主要有YⅡA×T411、N2×R122、N22×R122、N2×2006、N2×T411、N22×2006和N22×T411。杂交水稻主要性状的表现型优劣与杂交组合的光温型没有必然关系。【结论】因子分析可以用于研究杂交水稻的光温特性,其研究结果与杂交水稻育种实际情况较为吻合。

[Objective] The study was to evaluate the characteristics of the light ＆ temperature in hybrid rice,and to provide theoretical basis for selecting high-yield and quality of hybrid rice breeding and species distribution. [Method] Factor analysis was perpformed for light and temperature indicators of 52 varieties（combination） during nutritive growing stage, heading flowering stage and filling-mature stage in hybrid rice,and for evaluation of light and temperature characteristics. [Result] The contributive rate of the first three factors to total variation of population studied accounted for over 91.74% ,F1 49.44% ,F2 23.20% ,F3 19.10% separately. Factor analysis showed that the three independent factors reflected really the 12 indexes and their relationship. In the whole growth period of the hybrid rice,light and temperature affected the growth and development of hybrid rice mostly during,the nutritive growing stage, followed by filling-mature stage. The combinations of light temperature sensitivity types were B Ⅱ A × 1-22, Ⅱ-32A N YB6,S420XT411,Q-A× 1-11,BⅡ A× NC,YS3550,N2 × 3550,YS 122,BⅡ A× 1-10. The combinations of light-temperature insensitivity types were YⅡ A × T411, N2 × R122, N22 × R122, N2 × 2006,N2 × T411, N22 × 2006 and N22 × T411. That phenotype of main characters in hybrid rice was superior or inferior and the type of light temperature in hybrid combinations had no causal relationship between models. [Conclusion] Factor analysis has advantages of being simple,accurate and practical to study light and temperature characteristics in hybrid rice. In this study, the analysis results were in line with the actual situation in breeding hybrid rice.