分子标记辅助选育甘蓝型黄籽波里马恢复系(英文)

Molecular Marker-assisted Selection for Development of Yellow-seeded Pol CMS Restorer Lines in Brassica napus L.

将分子标记辅助选择（MAS）和一个略作修改的轮回选择育种计划结合起来，目的将来自一个春性、稳定和纯黄DH品系No．2127—17的黄籽基因转育到一个半冬性的波里马恢复系恢5148—2中，以选育黄籽波里马恢复系。在本育种计划中，首先应用142条RAPD引物扫描12个优良的黄籽DH系，获得2个与恢5148．2背景恢复率最高的DH系。此后应用显性SCAR标记SCS1130和共显性标记SCA1分别分析BC1F1和Bc2F1分离群体，选择黄籽的单株。为了更快的将所选单株的遗传背景恢复到恢5148—2，在Bc1F1和Bc2F1分离群体中分别应用88条RAPD和60对AFLP引物进行遗传背景分析，为了节约成本和简化分析，应用两步法进行此分析，逐步缩小分析群体样本，每次选择与恢5148—2遗传距离最小的3个单株作进一步的分析。最终，经共显性标记SCA1分析，从9个纯合黄籽单株中选择5株优良的恢复系作下一步分析，背景分析表明它们与恢5148．2的遗传距离小，为0．0157～0．0364，遗传背景得到较好的恢复。

Marker-assisted selection （MAS） was used in a modified recurrent backcross program to transfer the yel- low-seeded gene derived from the stable, pure and spring-type yellow-seeded Brassica napus double haploid （DH） line No. 2127-17 to the semi-winter-type Polima cytoplasmic male sterility （CMS） restorer line Hui5148-2 for breeding Polima cms restorer lines. In this scheme, 142 random amplified polymorphic DNA （RAPD） primers were used to select the yel- low-seeded DH lines with high recovery of Hui5148-2. Then, SCSll30, a dominant sequence-characterized amplified re- gion （SCAR） marker, and SCA1 ,a co-dominant cleaved amplified polymorphic sequence （CAPS） marker, were screened in BC1F1 and BC2Ft segregating progeny to select individuals carrying the yellow seed gene. In order to recover the recur- rent parent background and simplify the analysis, 88 RAPD primers and 60 amplified fragment length polymorphism （AFLP） primer pair assays were used to select lines with the least genetic distance （GD） to Hui5148-2 using a two-step selected approach in yellow-seeded BC1F1 and BC2F1 plants. As a result, only 5 elite restorer lines were selected with GD values of 0.015 7 - 0.036 4 to Hui5148-2 from 9 BC2F2 homozygous lines identified by SCA1 and background analysis.