西瓜裂果性状的基因型研究

Research on Genotype in Fruit Cracking of Watermelon

在普通大棚和露地两种栽培条件下鉴定西瓜裂果性,制定西瓜的裂果性状分级标准和抗性评价标准;田间鉴定发现,14个稳定自交系中有13个发生不同程度的裂果,占92.86%;两种栽培环境对裂果的影响效应有差异(F=27.048**,F0.01=3.91),但抗裂程度显著相关(r=0.937**,r0.01=0.6614,df=13)。不同基因型西瓜裂果性差异显著(F保护地=10.7218**,F露地=5.783**,F0.01=1.90,df=13),其中,材料‘x-101’在两种不同的栽培条件下均不裂果,性状稳定,且其综合品质表现优良,可作为抗裂育种的材料。

Resistance to fruit cracking in the 14 gene-types watermelon was evaluated under opening and protected conditions. Grades, symptoms characters and rating of fruit-cracking in watermelon are drawn up. 13 （92.86%） of them crack under two conditions. According to the comprehensive evaluation, the variance of the susceptibility indices were sig- nificant in opening field （F = 5.783＊＊ ,F0.01 = 1.90,df = 13） and protected field （F = 10.721 8＊＊ ,F0.01 = 1.90,dr= 13 ）. The correlation coefficients of susceptibility indices in both conditions were significant （ r = 0. 937 ＊＊ , r0.01 = 0.661 4,df= 13）.x-101 has the immunity to fruit-cracking with good quality,and can be potentially used in the breeding program as the resistant parents to the fruit-cracking.