水分胁迫对冬小麦冠层内的光分布影响的研究

Researches on Effects of Light Distribution to Winter Wheat Canopy under Water Stress

为了解干旱对冬小麦冠层光分布影响的规律。选用两个类型冬小麦品种用池栽定量灌溉方式，采用美国CID公司生产的CI-110型植物冠层分析仪，对干旱和灌溉条件下，不同肥力的冬小麦冠层内光分布进行直接测定。鲁麦21LAI先上升再下降，MLA呈先下降再上升趋势，TCDP先下降再上升，在7．5，22．5，37．5°TCRP差异较大；济麦20的LAI先上升再下降，MLA呈先下降再上升趋势，TCDP先下降再上升，在7．5，22．5，37．5°TCRP差异较大。干旱和灌溉比较：干旱使LAI下降，干旱使Lm21的TCDP增大，Jm20的TCDP变化不大，干旱对TCDP的影响为7．50TCRP小于灌溉的，而在52．5°和67．5°干旱处理和灌溉处理的TCRP相差较小。干旱使K值增大，但37．5，52．5和67．50的K值相差很小，干旱对叶片分布影响较小。不同肥力比较：高氮在前期对MLA、TCDP影响较小，但中后期对TCDP、TCRP影响较大，在生育前期在7．5。和22．5°对K值影响较大，干旱对冬小麦冠层光分布的影响：干旱导致LAI下降。干旱使鲁麦21的TCDP增大，在7．5°使TCDP减小，K值减小，而在37．5—67．5°K值无变化；济麦20在7．5°TCRP增大，K值增大，而在37．5—67．5。变化不大。干旱对叶片光分布0～90°有影响，其他角度影响较小；随着生育期推进，TCDP和TCRP先下降再上升，K值先上升再下降。其他冠层光分布指标变化较小。不同肥力条件下对LAI、TCRP、K有影响，而对TCDP、MLA、叶片分布的影响较小。

The article＇s aim was to understand the rules of light distribution for winter wheat under drought condi- tions. The methods were as follows：two winter wheat varieties were planted in pool and quantitatively irrigated. Light dis- tribution of different fertility wheat canopy were measured using CI-110 plant canopy analyzer under drought and irrigation condition. The results showed that LAI ascends early and then descends, and MLA or TCDP descend early and reascend for both Lm 21 and Jm 20 ; especially in 7.5,22.5,37.5° TCRP the differences were significant. Comparisons for drought and irrigation：drought made LAI descent, and TCDP became large for Lm 21, but it＇s not significant for Jm 20. The effect of drought on the TCDP was 7.5° TCRP less than irrigative, but the difference of TCRP were small at 52.5° and 67.5° to deal with drought and irrigation. Drought increases K, but the difference of K were very small among 37.5,52.5 and 67.5°, the impact of drought on the distribution of leaves was unobvious. Comparison of different fertility ： the effect of high-nitrogen was small to MLA, TCDP in prophase, but was great to TCDP, TCRP in the latter stage. In the pre-birth, there were great effects to K at 7.5°and 22.5°. Drought on winter wheat canopy light distribution：drought leads to decline in LAI. Drought increases TCDP of Lumai 21 which is fiat-leaf variety. In 7.5°,TCDP and K were reduced. But the value of K was not change between 37.5°and 67.5°. Drought increases TCRP and K of Jm 20 which was stand-leaf variety in 7.5°, however, the change was not much between 37.5°- 67.5°. Drought affects the light distribution of leaves in 0 to 90°, the impact of other angles were small; with the promote of fertility, TCDP and TCRP are first drop and then rise, but K was first rise and then drop. The indicator of light distribution of other canopy changes small. Different fertility condi- tions had an effect on LAI ,TCRP, K, but had an smaller effect on TCDP, MLA and the distribution of leaves.