丹参施肥数学模型研究

Study of the Mathematical Model of Fertilization in Salvia miltiorrhiza

采用“3414”二次回归最优设计和田间小区试验方法，研究了氮、磷、钾肥对丹参养分吸收、根性状及产量的影响。结果表明，丹参在生长30，30-90，90—120d对N吸收量占全生育期吸收总量的百分比为：5．2％-14．8％、61．8％-93．4％、0．6％-28．7％；P205的各时期吸收百分比为：2．6％-7．8％、37％-63．7％、28．5％-59％；定植生长30～90d时丹参对K素的吸收量占全生育总吸收量的86．3％．95．3％。形成100kg丹参产量需N量为1．89-2．26k，需要P205的量为0．57～0．69kg，需要K20的量为1．35～2．14kg。氮肥对丹参根长影响最大，磷、钾肥次之；磷、钾肥对根直径影响比较大；钾肥对根数的影响最大。根据模型得出最佳施肥方案：N248．00kg／hm2、P205127．67kg／hm2、K2 O155．33kg／hm2，根产量可达5259．58kg／hm2。

The article discussed the effects N, P and K fertilizer on the Salvia miltiorrhiza of yields, root characters and nutrient content by using the ＂3414＂ mathematic model of balance fertilization. The result indicated that the absorption per- centage of N were 5.2% - 14.8% ,61.8% - 93.4% ,0.6% - 28.7% ,when the Salvia miltiorrhiza had grown for 30,30 - 90,90 - 120 d respectively. The absorption percentage of P were 2.6% - 7.8% ,37% - 63.7% ,28.5 - 59% respectively. And the absorption percentage of Kwere 86.3 % - 95.3 %, when the Salvia miltiorrhiza had grown for 30 - 90 d. The N, P20s and K2O amount what 100 kg salvia miltiorrhiza output has need were 1.89- 2.26,0.57- 0.69,1.35 -2.14 kg re- spectively.At the same time,according to the mathematical model,the preferred fertilization plan was acquired,the N,P205 and K20 were respective 248.00,127.67,155.33 kg/ha.