电视社教类节目叙事方式的现象学分析

Phenomenological analysis on the narrative mode of TV programmes on social education

当今电视节目有泛娱乐化趋势,社教节目不能追逐娱乐潮流,但是改进传统的慢节奏、平淡和说教意味的叙事方式,以符合现代社会人们的审美取向是必要的。用现象学的基本原理来分析新近出现的社教类节目,可以发现通过一种现象来给观众揭秘解惑的节目形态和叙事方式与现象学"悬置"、"观察"、"本质还原"等理论是完全吻合的。它通过故事背景的介绍,故事本质的探索和最后对现象的解释这三个过程来实现现象揭秘,从而使科学知识变得更有故事性和观赏性,使社会教育功能经艺术加工而生动起来。

Today＇s TV programmes tend to be over-entertaining. While programmes on social education should not follow tides, it＇s necessary that they change the slow pace and plain manner of moral lecturing to suit the aesthetic needs of modem people. The analysis on the recently developed programmes arrives at findings that their forms and narrative modes of revealing a phenomenon for audience tally with the principles of ＂suspension＂, ＂observation＂ and ＂ reduce to nature＂ used in phenomenology. A phenomenon is revealed through background introduction, exploration of the nature of the story, and the final explanation so that scientific knowleage is made entertaining and thus the function of social education is rendered vivid by artistic processing.