纯碳、浸金属碳与接触线载流摩擦磨损性能对比研究

Comparative Study on Friction and Wear Behaviors of Carbon and Copper-impregnated Metalized Carbon Rubbing against Contact Wire with Electrical Current

在销-盘摩擦磨损试验机上研究了纯碳/不锈钢和浸金属碳/不锈钢的载流摩擦磨损行为。结果表明,两种摩擦副的摩擦因数、磨损率都随着速度或电流的增加而增大,但纯碳/不锈钢摩擦副材料具有更高的摩擦因数和磨损量。试验过程中,两种摩擦副都出现火花放电和电弧放电,且纯碳/不锈钢摩擦副放电强度更高。用扫描电镜(SEM)观察两种销试样表面磨损形貌可知,纯碳/不锈钢摩擦副以电弧烧蚀和氧化磨损为主,伴随轻微的磨粒磨损;浸金属碳/不锈钢摩擦副以磨粒磨损、黏着磨损为主,伴随着电弧烧蚀和氧化磨损。比较销试样磨损前后EDX图谱可得,纯碳摩擦副材料几乎无元素转移,而浸金属碳摩擦副材料表面有明显的材料转移。

Experimental study on friction and wear behaviors for carbon/stainless steel and copper-impregnated metallized carbon/stainless steel with electrical current was carried out on a pin-on-disc tester. The result indicates that the fric- tion coefficient and wear rate of two friction couples increase with the increase of velocity or electric current, and carbon/ stainless steel friction couple has higher friction coefficient and wear rate. Two forms of discharge, spark discharge and arc discharge were found during testing, and carbon/stainless steel friction couple has higher discharge intensity. SEM observation of worn surfaces of the two pin samples demonstrates that for carbon/stainless steel friction couple, arc ablation and oxidative wear are dominant with slight abrasive wear,for copper-impregnated metallized carbon/stainless steel friction couple, abrasive wear and adhesive wear are dominant with slight arc ablation and oxidative wear. By comparing EDX spectrums before and after wear of pin samples, the results show that there is not almost element transfer in the carbon material, but there is obvious element transfer in the copper-impregnated metallized carbon material.