马思聪《思乡曲》创作中民族化的表现手法

Ethnical Expressions in Homesick Melody by MA Si-cong

《思乡曲》是马思聪的成名之作。作曲家通过对民歌主题进行自由伸缩和加花,以及应用转调、速度变化等旋律写作手法,使民族性的曲调得到了新的发展;在和声上,马思聪以中国五声调式为基础,广泛使用四、五度叠置的和弦结构,并大胆引入偏音、通过同宫系统内调式交替来丰富民族性和声,通过对民族化和声风格的种种探索,使乐曲的民族色彩和韵味更加浓厚;在曲式结构方面,以西方曲式结构为基点,通过对民族曲式的传承和发展,体现了不拘一格、贯穿中西的音乐思维。

MA Si-cong became famous for his homesick melody, of which the composer developed the folk theme with flexing, decorating, transposing and changing of speed. In regard to harmony, with Chinese pentatonic scale as the foundation, MA Si-cong widely used the chords constructed with intervals of fourth and fifth. He creatively adapted non-pentatonic notes and modes interchangeably with a same key to enrich the folk harmony and folk acoustic style,the ethnical characteristic and charm of the tune become visible. As for the musical struc- ture,standing on the western musical structure, MA Si-cong inherited and developed the ethnical music,showing his unique and open way of thinking in music.