北京与澳门居民体质状况对比研究

Comparative Study on the Resident's Physical Fitness of Both Beijing and Macao

作为具有特殊地位的两座城市,北京与澳门两地居民的体质状况一直为我国政府所高度关注。自澳门回归后,对京、澳两地3～69岁全年龄段居民的体质状况做首次对比分析研究。调查结果显示:1)北京居民身体形态总体水平高于澳门;2)北京居民的相对肺活量水平低于澳门;3)北京幼儿身体素质总体水平均高于澳门。但北京4～6岁男女幼儿由增龄引起的上肢力量、速度和灵敏素质的增长幅度小于澳门;4)北京儿童青少年身体素质总体水平高于澳门,两地各指标均值的变化幅度基本保持一致;5)除反应能力、相对力量和老年期的平衡素质外,北京成、老年居民的绝对力量、柔韧素质在多数年龄组均高于澳门。但北京中老年居民因不同年代出生人群平衡能力的长期发育变化幅度及增龄引起的平衡能力退行性降幅程度均明显快于澳门。北京40岁以上成、老年居民腹部或内脏的脂肪堆积现象较澳门严重。

As a special position of two cities, the physique condition of resident in two cities has been got much more attention by our government. Since the Macao＇s return, this paper makes firstly comparative research on physique condition of 3~ 69 year old residents from Beijing and Macao. The result shows that 1 ） Beijing resident＇s general lever of physical feature is better than Macao. 2） Beijing resident＇s relative vital capacity level is lower than Macao. 3） Beijing baby＇s physical quality overall lever is higher than Macao, except that Beijing 4~6 year-old baby＇s growth rate of the upper limb strength, the speed and the sensitivity is smaller than Macao with increasing of age. 4 ） Beijing children and adolescents＇ physical quality aggregate level is higher than Macao, and the change range of different indexes between two cities mainrains consistent basically. 5） Except for reaction time, relative strength and aging stage＇s balance quality, Beijing both adult and aging resident＇s absolute strength and flexibility quality are higher than Macao in the most age groups. Due to the long-term growth change of balance quality by the different age birth and the falling degree of degenerative alterations of the balance ability with increasing of age, Beijing aged residents obviously faster than in Macao. Meanwhile, the phenomenon of abdomen or visceral fat accumulation for Beijing resident who was above 40 years old is more serious than Macao.