论海盗罪普遍管辖权机制的局限性与变革

Limitations of applying universal jurisdiction to piracy and some suggestions for reform

对国际社会来说,海盗仍然是一种严重威胁,尤其是在索马里地区,海盗异常猖獗。由于海盗对国际贸易和世界安全的破坏,对海盗罪的普遍管辖权已得到各国的普遍承认,但现行国际法关于海盗罪的规定却存在许多"空白",普遍管辖权不能涵盖所有的海盗行为,因此,国际法应该进行相应的变革以应对海盗的威胁。这些变革应包括对海盗罪重新定义,建立危险海域的护航机制,推动区域性打击海盗机制的建立及由安理会提供必要的授权。

Piracy remains a serious threat to the international community in modern times, especially in Somalia. Because of the damage that maritime piracy inflicts on international trade and general safety, it has long been treated as a universal crime whose perpetrators were subject to punishment by any country that caught them. But there are some gaps in the definition of piracy, the mechanism of universal jurisdiction can not apply to all the piracy crime. It is high time to reform the international law to fight against piracy. The reform should include： filling the gaps of the definition of piracy, establishing the mechanism of patrol, promoting regional cooperation in anti-piracy and authorizing states to take anti-piracy actions by United Nations Security Council.