感染性疾病患者检出病原菌种类及其对常用抗菌药物耐药情况分析

Clinicai Distribution of Pathogenic Bacteria and Analysis of Antimicrobial Resistance in Our Hospital in 2008

目的探讨因感染性疾病住院患者检出病原菌的种类及其对常用抗菌药物的耐药情况，为临床合理使用抗菌药物提供依据。方法对2008年17060例住院病人病原菌检出率及药敏特点，进行回顾性统计分析。结果共检出的1674株病原菌中，革兰阳性球菌255株（15．2％），其中金黄色葡萄球菌169株（66.3％）；革兰阴性杆菌1419株（84．8％），肺炎克雷伯氏菌406株（28．6％），大肠埃希菌320株（22．6％），铜绿假单胞菌207株（14．6％），真菌183株（10．9％）；病原菌分布以痰中分离出最多为970株，占57．9％，其次为尿液311株，占18．6％，分泌物202株，占12．1％；药敏结果表明，万古霉素是治疗革兰阳性菌的首选药；亚胺培南是治疗革兰阴性菌的首选药。结论病原菌多重耐药日趋严重，开展病原菌耐药性监测，对指导临床合理用药有重要意义。

Objective To investigate the pathogenic distribution antimicrobial resistance in our hospital and provide the basis to the rational use of anfibacterials. Methods Retrospective survey was applied to investigate the pathogenic bacteria and their drug-resistance of nosocomial infection among inpatients from January 2008 to December 2008. Results Totally 1674 strains of pathogenic bacteria were isolated including 255 strains of Gram positive bacteria, 1419 strains of Gram negative bacteria and 183 strains of eumycete; the main Gram positive microorganisms included staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus faecalis. The main Gram negative microorganisms included Escherichia coli, Klebsiella Pneumoniae, Acinetobacter banmannill, Stenoterophomonas maltophilia and Pseudomonas aerugiinosa. Specimen samples were mainly isolated from sputus （57.9%）, urine （18.6%）, and secretion （12.1）. G^＋ microorganisms were sensitive to vancomycin. G^- microorganisms were sensitive to imipenem. Conclusion It is urgent to carry out surveillance of bacterial resistance for rational use of antibiotics.