高中文理分科:问题实质、利弊分析及改革路向

The Division of the Arts and Science in Senior High Schools:The Essence of the Problem,the Analysis on the Pros and Cons and the Approach of the Reform

文理分科（或合科）问题的本质是知识中心主义、基础主义、二元对立思维和应试主义教育思想的现实表现；我国普通高中目前普遍实行文理分科这一教育模式有其存在的合理性和优势，也有一定的弊端，但基本判定结果是利大于弊。解决这些弊端的方法不是简单地抛弃“分科”选择“合科”，而是在关注解决问题思维方法的基础上，渐进地改革和完善“文理分科”模式。未来改革与发展的路径和策略是：兼顾知识、能力与个性培养，注重学生科学与人文素养的整合，多维立体地改革高考制度。

This paper, based on analyzing the essence of the problem about the division （or not） of the arts and science in senior high schools, provides that its essence is the symbol of knowledge-oriented theory, foundationalism, binary thinking and examination-oriented education system. The division of the arts and science in senior high schools has its own advantages and disadvantages for its existing. The way to overcome these disadvantages is not to delete this division model, but to reform and improve the ＂division of the arts and.science in high school＂ model gradually on the conversion of the thinking methods. Ways and strategies for its future reform and development are as follows： the development of students＇ knowledge, ability and individuality; the combination of students＇ scientific literacy and humanistic quality; the all-round reform of the College Entrance Examination system.