农艺措施对茶叶农药残留成分降解的作用

The effects of agronomic measures on degradation of pesticide residue in tea

通过试验，确定了降解茶树及土壤中有机氯农药（六六六、滴滴涕）残留的３项有效农艺措施，即（１）根部施用ＮＨ４ＨＣＯ３与泥炭土混合堆沤的肥料或单独施用ＮＨ４ＨＣＯ３；（２）茶树修剪，其中以深修剪效果最好，其次为重修剪和轻修剪；（３）叶面喷施稀土元素、ＮａＨＣＯ３和腐殖酸钠等，三者的最适宜浓度分别为１．０ｇ·Ｌ－１、２５０ｍｇ·ｋｇ－１和４．０ｇ·Ｌ－１．根部施用ＮＨ４ＨＣＯ３与泥炭土混合堆沤的肥料可显著提高茶叶产量。

In this experiment three agronomic measures to degrade pesticide residue including chlorinated hydrocarbon such as benzene hexachloride and dichloro diphenyl trichloroethane in tea trees and tea eastate soil were ascertained. (1) Fertilization with the compost made of NH 4HCO 3 and peat soil or with NH 4HCO 3 alone in the roots. (2) Prunings of which deep pruning had the best effect, followed by heavy and light pruniug. (3) Spraying rare earth elements, NaHCO 3 and humic acidnate on the leavrs, and the optimal concentrations of them were 1.0 g·L -1 , 250 mg·kg -1 and 4.0 g·L -1 , respectively. The output of tea could be increased by fertilization in the roots and spraying on the leaves mentioned above.