金属-N-杂环卡宾配合物催化氢甲酰化反应的研究进展

Advance in Hydroformylation of Olefin Catalyzed by Metal-N-Heterocyclic Carbene Complexes

综述了近几年金属-N-杂环卡宾(NHC)配合物催化氢甲酰化反应的研究进展,特别是Rh-NHC配合物催化氢甲酰化反应的情况。根据NHC配体结构和与金属的配位方式的不同,评述了以Rh-咪唑型NHC配合物、Rh-咪唑啉型NHC配合物、Rh-其他单齿NHC配合物、Rh-双齿NHC配合物和Co-NHC配合物为催化剂催化烯烃氢甲酰化反应的性能。金属-NHC配合物催化芳香烯烃进行氢甲酰化反应时,产物以支链醛为主,区域选择性好;催化脂肪烯烃进行氢甲酰化反应时,区域选择性低,但优势产物依赖于催化剂的选择性。展望了金属-NHC配合物的发展方向。

Recent advances in hydroformylation of olefin catalyzed by metal-N-heterocyclic carbene （NHC） complexes especially Rh-NHC complex were reviewed on with an intention to promote relevant research. The catalytic properties of metal-NHC complexes were discussed according to the structure of NHC ligands and the way in which the ligands coordinated with metals, including Rh- imidazole, imidazoline type of NHC complexes, other type of Rh-monodentate NHC complexes, Rh- bidentate NHC complexes and Co-NHC complexes. In hydroformylation of aromatic olefin, main products were branched aldehydes with high regioselectivity. In hydroformylation of aliphatic olefin, although regioselectivity was low, the major product depended on the selectivity of catalyst. Development direction of metal-NHC complexes was prospected.