水稻红莲型不育系粤泰A在杂交稻育种中的利用特性

Characteristics of Honglian-type CMS Line Yuetai Ain Hybrid Rice Breeding

试验初步阐明了水稻红莲型不育系粤泰Ａ在杂交稻育种中具有以下特点：（１）稳定的雄性不育性，在南京１９９４年和１９９５年的８月１５～３０日镜检其花粉可育率均低于１．５％，套袋自交结实率低于０．０８％；（２）良好的制种性状，该不育系的柱头外露率达９７％，异交结实率６１．５％±９．８％，每平方米颖花数达４２１７９个，均极显著地高于珍汕９７Ａ；（３）该不育系与中粳广亲和系配组杂种出穗期表现受积温影响较大，而受日长变化影响较小，呈现明显的感温特性。因此，可以预见该类组合在生产上具有较广泛的生态适应性。

During 1993～1995, the experiments were conducted on the observation of male sterility and other major agronomic characters of Yuetai A, a new CMS line with Honglian-type cytoplasm, and the heading characteristics of the intersubspecific hybrids of Yuetai A under different daylength and temperature conditions. The results showed that Yuetai A was good and stable in male sterility (even in high temperature conditions on August 15 in 1994, the pollen fertility was 1.5% and bagged seed set was 0.08%), had favourable characters for hybrid seed production (stigma exsertion rate, outcrossing rate and spikelets/m2 were high at 97%, 61.5% and 42 179, respectively, very significantly higher than those of the check CMS line Zhenshan 97A). The heading time of the intersubspecific hybrids of Yuetai A was mainly influenced by accumulative temperature other than by daylength, which suggests a wider adaptability and good prospect of the hybrids of Yuetai A.