君王形象与爱尔兰——论莎士比亚历史剧中的意识形态

The Monarchal Images and Ireland:On Ideology in Shakespeare's Historical Plays

莎士比亚历史剧中君王形象一直是莎学研究的热点话题之一。然而,君王与爱尔兰之间的内在联系却为很多学者普遍忽视。以莎翁历史剧的两个四部曲为研读对象,并将它们置于1590英爱冲突的历史语境中,以新历史主义为理论视角,以期揭示爱尔兰民族叙述"他者化"的政治意涵及其文化根源。爱尔兰被"他者化"和被征服形象的历史叙述,正是1590英国民族国家意识确立后主导意识形态的表征。舞台戏剧作为这一主导意识形态的重要流通方式,有助于大英格兰中心主义的"自我型塑"。

The monarchal images in Shakespeare＇ s history plays have always been one focus of Shakespeare studies. Nevertheless, the internal relation between the monarchs and Ireland is neglected by most scholars. By taking the two tetralo gies of Shakespeare＇ s history plays as the studying object and situating them in the historical context of Anglo-Irish conflict in the 1590s, this paper aims at disclosing the political significance and the cultural root of Ireland＇s ＇ otherized＇ national narration. The paper argues that the ＇ othering＇ of Ireland and the historical narration of Ireland＇ s conquered images are the presentation of the dominant ideology after the establishment of the British nation-state consciousness in the 1590s. As an important way to circulate this dominant ideology, the pays on the stage contribute to the ＇ self-fashioning＂ of the Great- English-oriented consciousness.