夜鹭雏鸟三种重金属污染物的富集特征

Concentrations of heavy metals in the juveniles of Black-crowned night heron

2004年5月，在合肥地区收集了失落于地面的集群繁殖夜鹭20～27日龄雏鸟10只，分离出骨骼、肝脏、胃、心脏、肌肉组织和羽毛等7种样品，用原子吸收法测定重金属cd、Pb、cr的残留量．结果表明，重金属Cr和Pb在组织中100％被检出．重金属Cr在各组织富集顺序为：肾脏〉胃〉骨骼〉肌肉〉心脏〉肝脏〉羽毛，7种组织中cr的富集水平差异极其显著．重金属cd在夜鹭雏鸟各组织样品中的检出率相差很大，在心脏中没有被检出，在羽毛中100％被检出，检出率高低次序为：羽毛〉肝脏〉胃、骨骼〉肾脏、肌肉〉心脏，7种组织中Cd富集量的差异不显著．重金属Pb在组织中富集顺序为：肾脏〉胃〉心脏〉骨骼〉羽毛〉肝脏〉肌肉，7种组织Ph的富集量差异极其显著．各组织的重金属富集量顺序均为：Cr〉Pb〉Cd，各组织中三种重金属的富集量差异都极显著．雏鹭的羽毛样品能较好地表征体内Pb的富集状况．

Ten juvenile Black-crowned night herons, which fell by accident from the nests at the age from twenty to twenty-seven days in a colony in Hefei, Anhui Province, were collected in May, 2005. Samples of bones, livers, kidneys, stomachs, muscles, hearts and feathers were tested for residues of Cd, Pb and Cr by atomic absorption spectrophotometry analysis. Results showed that Cr occurred in tissues at 100 percent. Concentration order was kidney 〉 stomach 〉 bones 〉 muscles 〉 hearts 〉 livers 〉 feathers with terrible significance among tissues. The occurrence rates of Cd had great differences in tissues, with no occurrence in heart and 100 percent in feathers, which ordered as feathers 〉 livers 〉 stomachs and bones 〉 kidneys and muscles 〉 hearts. There were no significant differences of concentrations for Cd in the seven tissues. Concentrations of Pb in tissues ranked as kidneys 〉 stomachs 〉 hearts 〉 bones 〉 feathers 〉 livers 〉 muscles. Concentrations ordered as Cr 〉 Pb 〉 Cd in any tissues with terrible significance among them. Of the tested juvenile tissue samples, feather was the best to indicate the heavy metals concentrated in the body.