作为审美游戏的杜甫夔州七律——以中古诗歌律化运动为背景

Du Fu's "Kuizhou Seven-character-regular-verse" as Aesthetic Play——A Study Based on the Poetic Rhythmization Movement in the Middle Ancient Period

七言律诗发展至杜甫,出现了新的美学品格。通过历史性的回顾,可以发现,形式化冲动主导着中古诗歌律化运动,而杜甫的夔州七律标志着形式化冲动(亦即游戏冲动)达到了顶峰。夔州七律不仅保留了形式化传统对自然物象的对比联想,更创造性地将历史事象引入此种形式游戏,使自然与历史即空间与时间两个维度双双融入符合阴阳宇宙论思维的诗体形式,真正在诗歌经验中实现了与宇宙大化同体的第二时空,从而摆脱和超越抒情主义的比兴经验和现实主义的"诗史"经验,造就一种富于宇宙感的审美织体,达臻中古诗歌运动在律化路线上的最终突破。

From the aspects of general poetic movement as well as Du Fu＇s specific conversion in poetic creation, this paper explores the new aesthetic qualities of ＂seven-character-regular-verse＂ in Du Fu^s poems. It is pointed out by means of historic description that the poetic rhythmization in the Middle Ancient Period is guided by the rhythmizing impulse （the impulse of aesthetic play）, and such impulse reaches its summit in Du Fu＇s ＂Kuizhou seven-character-regular-verse＂ in which not only the tradition of allusion to and comparison with natural objects is retained but historic phenomenon are absorbed in the aesthetic play. As a result, nature and history （space and time） are both incorporated into such poetic form with the ＂Yin＂ and ＂Yang＂ cosmology as its core. Du Fu＇s ＂Kuizhou seven-character-reg- ular-verse＂ transcends the lyric poetic experience of ＂Bi-Xing＂ and the realistic poetic experience of ＂history through poetry＂, hence it constructs an aesthetic structure permeated with a sense of uni- verse and demonstrates a breakthrough in Middle Ancient Period poetic movement in terms of rhyth- mization.