重庆“一小时经济圈”气温变化及热岛效应研究

Changes in Temperature in the Chongqing One-Hour Economic Circle Region and Their Heat-Island Effect

用重庆"一小时经济圈"17个气象站点的27 a(1980-2006年)年平均气温记录,研究"一小时经济圈"的大尺度气温变化及其热岛效应,结果发现:(1)研究区气温年代际变化与大尺度变化背景基本相符,1997年是显著跃变点,跃变后比跃变前气温增加了0.56℃,相当于增温率为0.33℃/10 a;(2)对各站数据进行同样的5 a滑动检验,总体增温幅度较大,增幅最大的是铜梁站,达0.96℃,增温最小的是大足站,只有0.38℃;(3)研究区热岛效应具有典型性,热岛强度平均为0.76℃,基本呈上升的趋势,并无明显跃变点.

The annual mean temperature data recorded from 1980 to 2006 at 17 meteorological stations within the one-hour economic circle of Chongqing are analyzed to study the large-scale temperature changes in the region and their heat island effect. The results show that the interdecadal changes of the temperature in the study region have a feature of large scale and the year 1997 is a remarkable jump point, with a temperature increase of 0.56 ℃ after the jump compared with that before the jump and a warming rate of 0. 33 ℃/10-year in the recent 27 years. Similar analysis is made of the data from each meteorological station, and the result shows that the temperature overall the main urban area has increased considerably, with the largest increase extent at Tongliang weather station （0.96 ℃） and the smallest increase extent at Dazu weather station （0.38 ℃）. The urban heat-island effect in the study region is typical and shows a rising tendency without any prominent jump, the average urban heat island intensity over 1980-2006 being about 0. 76 ℃.