饲粮营养水平对三个地方品种鸡生长性能及屠体品质的影响

Effect of Diet Nutrient Levels on Growth and Slaughter Quality of Three Local Chicken Breeds

采用饲养试验、屠宰测定和肉质分析的方法比较了３种不同营养水平饲粮对地方品种鸡（“泰和鸡”、“黑羽乌骨鸡”、“中型黄鸡”）生长性能和肉质的影响。各品种鸡被随机分成３组（Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ），分别饲喂高、中、低３种能量和蛋白质水平的饲粮。结果表明，含较高能量和蛋白质的Ⅰ组饲粮可提高黑羽乌骨鸡的增重速度，在４周龄前尤其明显；泰和鸡４周龄体重Ⅰ组、Ⅱ组显著高于Ⅲ组（Ｐ＜０．０５）；中型黄鸡的增重以饲喂中等营养水平日粮的Ⅱ组稍高，但差异不显著（Ｐ＞０．０５）。３个品种试验鸡的饲料转化率都以使用高营养水平的Ⅰ组日粮最优，单位增重耗料最少、单位增重花费的饲料成本也最低。饲粮营养水平对肉质有一定影响，低能低蛋白饲粮组鸡的肉质优于高能高蛋白日粮组鸡，各组试验鸡的肉质测定值均在优质鸡肉质标准范围之内。

Effect of diet nutrient levels on growth and meat quality of three local chicken breeds (silky fowl,black feathered silky fowl and medium yellow chicken) was conducted by the methods of feeding experiment, carcass determination and meat quality analysis. Diets of high,middle ,low energy and protein content were fed to every chicken breed, respectively, which was devided into three groups(Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ) randomly. Results showed that diet of Ⅰ group with high energy and protein could enhance the weight increase rate, of black feathered silky fowl especially before 4 weeks of age. For silky fowl, weight of 4 weeks of Ⅰ and Ⅱ groups were higher than that of Ⅲ group significantly( P <0 05).The weight of medinm yellow chicken increased more with diet of Ⅱ group than other two groups,but the difference was not significant( P >0 05) Feed transformation rate of three chicken breeds with diet of Ⅰ group was the highest in three kinds of diets mentioned above, while feed consumption and cost were the lowest. Meat quality of chickens with diets of low energy and protein was better than those of high energy and protein Determined values of meat quality of tested chickens all accorded with the standard value of high quality chickens.