谢国桢与清代学术史研究

Xie Guozhen and the Study of the Academic History of Qing Dynasty

20世纪中国著名史学家谢国桢对清代学术史研究贡献卓著。他认为明末清初是我国历史上的文艺复兴时期,当时的学风表现在气节坚贞、经世致用、实事求是等方面。对乾嘉学派,谢国桢既充分肯定其学术贡献,也指出该派治学考古不知今、识小不识大和考证琐碎等弊端;同时,谢国桢还对乾嘉时期全祖望等富于爱国热情的历史学家给予高度赞扬。对晚清学术,谢国桢重点考察了学术嬗变与时代发展之间相互关系,他对晚清公羊学派给予很高评价,指出龚自珍、魏源治学反映了时代精神。

Xie Guozhen did much contribution to the study of the academic history of Qing dynasty. He thought that the period of the late Ming dynasty and the early Qing dynasty was a period of revival of learning in Chinese history,and the style of the study of that time represented four aspects：constant spirit,serving realism with history research,being practical and realistic, persons with ability coming forth in great number, etc. For Qianjia school, Xie Guozhen not only affirmed its scholarship adequately,he also pointed out its abuse, such as fussy textual research. At the same time, Xie Guozhen gave high praise to those patriotic historians like Quan Zuwang in Qianjia period. For science of late Qing, Xie Guozhen examined the correlation of the change of science and the development of times. He judged of the Gongyang school highly and thought that the ideas of Gong Zizhen and Wei Yuan reflected the time spirit.