棉铃虫Helicoverpa armigera的环境友好型诱杀技术研究

Environment-friendly methods for trapping cotton bollworm,Helicoverpa armigera

2003年和2004年，在山东惠民采用杀虫灯、性诱剂、杨树枝把等措施开展了诱杀棉铃虫Helicoverpa armigera成虫的防治试验。杀虫灯＋10支性诱剂，杀虫灯＋5支性诱剂＋5支杨树枝把，杀虫灯＋10支杨树枝把，杀虫灯4种措施的日均诱蛾量分别为11．4、10．4、8．6和7．0头，性诱剂和杨树枝把均未显著提高对棉铃虫的诱杀效果。不同诱捕方案对棉铃虫累积诱蛾量随日期的变化符合Gompertz方程。普通灯和时控灯对棉铃虫的日均诱蛾量分别为19．9头和17．4头，二者差异不显著；时控灯对异色瓢虫和龟纹瓢虫的日均诱捕量均少于普通灯；减少开灯时间可在不显著降低棉铃虫诱杀量的同时，有效保护捕食性瓢虫。与普通灯相比，设置时间合理的时控灯（夜间19：00—23：00和3：00—5：00开灯）未显著降低棉铃虫的日均诱蛾量，而对异色瓢虫和龟纹瓢虫的日均诱捕量分别为2．0头和4．9头，均显著低于普通灯的3．7头和9．2头，合理设置开关灯控制模式可在不显著降低对棉铃虫诱杀效果的同时，降低近50％的天敌杀伤率，节约用电40％。

Non-chemical methods for controlling moths of Helicoverpa armigera in cotton were studied in Shandong Province in eastern China. Black light traps, sex pheromone traps and poplar branch traps were used in a 2 - year study. Moths trapped by 4 different methods, including 1 light trap ＋ 10 sex pheromone traps, 1 light trap ＋ 5 sex pheromone traps ＋ 5 poplar branch traps, 1 light trap ＋ 10 poplar branch traps and only 1 light trap, were 11.4, 10. 4, 8.6 and 7. 0 per day, respectively. There was no enhancement was showed for trapping moths by black light trap combined with sex pheromone traps or poplar branch traps. The relationship between day number of the year and accumulative number of cotton bollworm moths trapped by different trapping measures can be described as moths trapped by light trap equipped with a time controller ＂Gompertz＂ model. Number of cotton bollworm （17.4） and simple light trap （19.9） per day showed no significance. Adults of predatory ladybeetle trapped by light trap equipped with a time controller per day were less than that of simple light trap. It indicated that saving the work time （4 h） of light trap can prevent more predatory ladybirds from simple light trap. Light trap which equipped with a time controllet can prevent nearly 50% predatory ladybirds from simple light trap and save about 40% electricity power. Light trap would attract more moths and less predatory ladybirds by opening the light at 19 ： 00 - 23：00and3：00-5：00.