刺激材料类型对Stroop稀释效应的影响

The Influence of Stimulant Material Category on the Stroop Dilution Effect

Stroop稀释效应是指增加与颜色无关的中性词作为干扰刺激,Stroop效应显著减弱的现象。本研究采用计数Stroop范式考察材料类型一致性与目标材料类型对Stroop稀释效应的影响。实验中,目标项分成汉字和键盘符号两类,干扰项分成中文数字和阿拉伯数字两类。研究发现,目标刺激与干扰刺激的材料类型一致性是影响Stroop稀释效应强弱的主要因素之一。实验结果支持注意模块容量有限理论,并提示注意的认知控制中至少存在两种材料类型的信息加工系统——文字加工系统和非文字加工系统。

Stroop dilution effect refers to the phenomenon that if a neutral word is added as a distracter, Stroop effect would be diluted. In this study, the counting Stroop task was adopted to investigate if the types of materials or the nature of the target material was the main factor affecting the Stroop dilution effect, with Chinese characters or characters from the top of the keyboard as targets, and with Chinese numerals or Arabic numerals as distracters respectively. The result suggested that the congruity of the material types showed a significant influence on the magnitude of the Stroop dilution effect. The result supported domain-specific, limited-capacity processing. It also proposed that there could be two kinds of information processing systems, language processing system and non- language processing system, in the cognitive control of attention.