对大学生外语口语焦虑状态的聚类分析

A Cluster Analysis of Various State of Spoken Foreign Language anxiety for Undergraduate Students

为探讨大学生外语口语焦虑状态的分类模型,以利针对性地教学指导,克服"哑巴英语"现象,本研究对734名大学生实施《大学生外语口语焦虑自我图式问卷》(FLSASQ)测验,进而从30个变量组成的6维度上对其外语口语焦虑状态快速聚类,结果表明:1.外语口语焦虑状态5类模型是一个有效的分类模型;2.外语口语焦虑状态呈现以下分布特征:总体上以消极型口语焦虑状态为主,男生比女生更趋于消极,大二学生比大一和大三学生更趋消极,一般院校学生比其他两类学校的学生更趋消极,而市属重点学生最为积极。

This paper examined a classified model of various state of spoken foreign language anxiety（SSFLA） for undergraduated students. Method.A K-Means cluster analysis was made on the acceptable responses of 734 subjects to a survey of FLSASQ. Results.A 5-type model was obtained. Tested by ANOVA and POSTPOC, there lied significant differences in all the 6 dimensions across the 5 groups; A significant difference of the comparative distritubution amounts of SSFLAs were found between sexes, among school levels and grades. Conclusion： The 5-type model, including of active-low anxiety SSFLA, avoidance-low anxiety SSFLA, neutral anxiety SSFLA, active-high anxiety SSFLA, avoidance-high anxiety SSFLA, is an effective classified model, which will be hepful to foreign language researchers and instructors in future＇s classifed guidance towords SSFLA. According to the population distributing characters, Undergraduate students tended to be negative SSFLAs, male students tends to be more negative than female students, the sophomores more than the freshes and juniors, undergraduate students from municipal average universities more than those from national key universities and municipal key universities, and students from municipal key universities tended to be most positive.