人格特征对即时通讯使用动机和使用行为的调节作用

A Study on Instant Message Users' Personality Characteristics and Their Impact on Use Motives,Use Preferences and Use Experience

建立即时通讯(IM)用户的人格分类模型,有助于深入理解具有不同人格特征的IM用户的使用动机和行为模式,并为个性化IM界面设计提供科学依据。本研究以大学生IM用户为对象,以NEO-PI测量数据为基础,采用聚类分析技术建立了IM用户的人格分类模型,并比较了不同人格类型IM用户的动机及使用行为的差异。研究结果发现:(1)大学生IM用户可分为健康人格型和问题人格型两个基本类型,前者表现为具有高责任心、外倾性、情绪稳定性和宜人性;后者则表现出低责任心、内倾性、神经质和低宜人性;(2)健康人格型用户的IM使用主要受娱乐休闲动机的驱动,而问题人格型用户使用IM主要受人际沟通动机的驱动;(3)不同人格类型IM用户群的使用动机对其使用偏好和使用体验表现出不同的调节机制。

Classification based on personality characteristics not only helps one understand usage motivation and behavioral patterns of different personality types of user groups, but also provides evidences for personalized IM user interface design. With a sample of college users, the current study adopts cluster analysis to explore the personality characteristics of IM users based on the ＂Big Five＂ inventory edited by Costa and McCrae（1988）. The result suggests： （1） that there are two personality types of college users, namely, problematic and healthy personality user groups. The former are emotional, introverted, sensitive, frail and anxious. They are not good at sociality or unsocial, ebullient and usually have no detailed plan to perform well and take responsibility for themselves in most cases The latter are social, determined, positive, extroverted, self-affirmative and can properly manage their impulsion and desirability. They are Likely to pursue novel stimuli and various emotional experiences, highly responsible for what they do and do things with care and confidence. （2）Healthy personality users are mainly motivated by recreational motivation while problematic personality users are largely motivated by interpersonal motivation. （3）Moreover, for different user groups, usage motivations have different predictive effects on usage preferences and usage experiences. Based on these results, the authors provide some proposals for personalized IM user interface design.