汉语句子句法加工认知特点初探

The Mechanism of Syntactic Processing in Chinese

目的:以词序代表句法加工,探讨汉语句子句法加工的认知特点。方法:采用ERP技术,对15名大学生在加工不同词序句子时的EEG进行记录,从EEG中提取早期负波和晚期正波进行分析。结果:在句子加工早期,词序正常句与异常句、语义正常句与歧义句之间在颞扰区均存在显著差异;在句子加工晚期,词序正常句比异常句、语义正常句比异常句在中央顶和额区诱发了更大的正波,差异显著。结论:汉语句子加工呈现阶段性特点;早期句法建构对句子理解起重要作用,同时语义加工对这一过程产生影响,实验支持了句法加工的相互作用理论。

The present study used word order as syntactic processing to investigate the mechanism of syntactic processing in Chinese. With the ERP measures, 15 students＇ EEG was recorded when they were reading sentences of different word order. Our results are theat significant difference was found between the sentences, the word order of which has been altered and the normal sentences; between semantically sentences and incorrect sentences at the early stage. In the late-stage processing, the semantically correct sentences and correct-in-order sentences were respectively evoked more positively than the incorrect sentences and incorrect-in-order sentences. Our conclusions are： Chinese sentence comprehension can take different steps： early syntactic processing is important to Chinese sentence comprehension; semantic processing influences syntactic processing at the early stage, which supports the interactive models.