花椒属不同品系种子萌发期耐低温能力

Low Temperature Tolerance of Different Zanthoxylum Strains in Seed Germination Stage

为探讨花椒属葡萄山椒、朝仓山椒、秦安1号花椒、陕西大红袍花椒4个不同品系的早期耐低温能力,采用低温发芽与芽苗期低温培养的方法,研究了低温对花椒发芽率、芽苗鲜质量及其物质代谢的影响。结果表明,与25℃处理相比,15℃低温处理对花椒不同品系的发芽率、芽苗鲜质量以及芽苗的可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白、游离氨基酸和游离脯氨酸的代谢均有显著影响。低温对陕西大红袍的抑制程度最大,表现为耐低温能力最差;秦安1号受抑制的程度最小,耐低温能力最强;葡萄山椒和朝仓山椒表现为中等程度耐低温。花椒各品系芽期和苗期耐冷性具有较好的一致性。

Effects of low temperature on seed germination percentage, seedling fresh weight and substance metabolism of different Zanthoxylum strains were studied in order to evaluate low-temperature tolerance of Z. piperitum DC. var. inerme Makino, Z. piperitum DC. f. inerme Makino, Z. bungeanum Maxim. cv. chinensis Yun, and Z. bungeanum Maxim. cv. major. Results showed that, compared with the normal condition （25 degrees C）, low temperature （15 degrees C） had significant effects on seed germination percentage, seedling fresh weight as well as contents of soluble sugar, soluble protein, free amino acid, and free proline in stem and root. The low-temperature tolerance in seeds of Z. bungeanum Maxim. cv. major was the weakest, those of Z. piperitum DC. var. inerme and Z. piperitum DC. f. inerme were moderate, and that of Z. bungeanum cv. chinensis was the strongest. The low-temperature tolerances of different strains were consistent in sprout stage and seedling stage.