基于DEM黑龙江省土地利用定量分析

Quantitative Analysis of Land Use in Heilongjiang Province Based on DEM

以黑龙江土地利用数据为基础数据,在地理信息系统ArcGIS9.1软件的支持下,分别从高程、坡度与坡向3个方面,对地形数据和土地利用数据进行叠加分析处理,研究土地利用空间格局的分布特征,揭示土地利用的空间分布规律及其与地形因子的相互关系。结果表明:耕地分布主要集中于低地形、平坡平地区域上,说明耕地对地形的选择性较强;园地主要分布在低海拔、缓坡区域,与当地在农业结构的调整有关;林地空间分布特征明显,主要分布于高海拔、大坡度的区域,有助于防止水土流失;草地主要分布在低海拔、平坡区域,主要受自然环境因素的影响。

The relationships between spatial distribution regularity of different types of land uses and terrain factors in Heilongjiang Province were studied in terms of the distribution feature of spatial pattern of land use, with the support of GIS software AreGIS 9.1. The terrain data of elevation, gradient, slope aspect, and land use data were overlaid. Results show that farmlands mainly distribute in the low-elevation areas with slight slope, indicating an obvious selectivity of the farmlands. Garden plots also mainly distribute in the low-elevation areas with slight slope, which is connected with the adjustment of local agricultural structure. Forestlands mainly distribute in high-elevation areas with steep slope, which is beneficial for the control of the soil erosion. Grasslands mainly distribute in low-elevation and fiat areas, which is affeeted by the natural environmental factors.