地表放射性油气勘探技术研究现状分析

Advances in surface radioactive techniques for hydrocarbon exploration

地表放射性油气勘探技术经过80余年的发展,在基础理论与技术方法研究方面均取得了较高成就。通过对已知油气田区的广泛研究,确立了油气藏上方地表放射性基本异常模式(低值异常),优选出对油气响应较好的地表放射性指标,确定了油气藏边界断层、油-水边界或气-水边界处地表放射性异常标志;在异常形成机制方面,提出了基于深部来源说和地表来源说的多种观点;在干扰因素抑制方面也取得了新进展,提出了适合不同测区具体条件的放射性测量数据处理方法。现阶段,地表放射性测量技术在新探区含油气远景预测、成熟探区构造评价以及开采区油气田边界确定等方面,均已显示出初步应用成效,被认为是一种具有发展潜力的油气地表勘探方法。

Great achievements have been made in the theoretical and methodological aspects of surface radioactive techniques for hydrocarbon exploration after 8 decades of development.After extensive research,the basic surface radioactive anomaly pattern over existing oil and gas reservoirs has been determined as low-value anomaly;the surface radioactive indicators of hydrocarbon have been optimally singled out;and the surface radioactive anomaly signatures of boundary faults,oil-water contact,or gas-water contact over hydrocarbon reservoirs have been recognized.As for the anomaly formation mechanism,a variety of opinions have been proposed which are based on the deep source hypothesis or the surface source hypotheses.Some new achievements have also been made in the aspect of suppression of interferences.Radioactive data processing flow suitable for various geological conditions has been developed.Up to now,surface radioactive techniques have reaped preliminary application fruits in the oil prospect prediction of frontier areas,the structure evaluation of mature areas,and the determination of the hydrocarbon field boundaries,all of which indicate the great potential of surface radioactive techniques in oil and gas exploration.