组织工程技术修复关节软骨的理论研究与进展

Tissue engineering techniques for repairing articular cartilage defects: Theoretical research and advances

由于关节软骨修复再生能力较差,传统的治疗方法总体疗效欠佳。组织工程技术为修复关节软骨缺损提供了一个新的治疗途径。扩大种子细胞来源,促使种子细胞大量扩增的同时维持细胞特性及表型稳定,严格控制定向分化,多种支架材料复合,多种生长因子联合作用以及由基因转导技术维持生长因子表达等是目前研究热点。文章通过对关节软骨组织工程学种子细胞、支架材料、生长因子等方面的研究进展进行综述,指出目前种子细胞、支架材料、生长因子的优缺点和下一步研究方向。

Due to the poor repair and regeneration capacity of articular cartilage, traditional treatment cannot get satisfactory curative effect on it. However, tissue engineering provides a new way for repairing articular cartilage defects. Present research focus has come down to the following issues： the stability of cell characters and phenotypes during mass amplification of seed cells, the control of directional differentiation, the combination of multi-scaffold materials, the synergistic effect of multi-growth factors, the gene transfer technology for maintaining the expression of growth factors, etc. This article reviews the advances in seed cells, scaffold materials, growth factors of articular cartilage tissue engineering, pointing out their advantages and disadvantages as well as the research direction in the future.