脂肪组织的两种神经调控途径及其相互关系

Two pathways of nerve innervation mediating adipose tissue and their relationship

脂肪组织可以通过自主神经和神经体液两种途径作用于中枢,调节机体能量代谢。褐色脂肪组织主要受交感神经支配;白色脂肪组织除了受交感神经支配外,还有可能存在副交感神经及感觉神经支配,中枢神经系统很可能通过交感和副交感神经之间的平衡调节白色脂肪组织的脂肪动员,从而调节机体能量代谢。机体神经体液因子中的体脂信号瘦素和胰岛素通过神经肽Y/刺鼠相关蛋白和阿片黑皮质素原/可卡因苯丙胺调节转录肽神经元调节机体能量代谢;营养素和脑肠肽作用途径分两类,一类通过副交感途径,另一类通过神经肽Y/刺鼠相关蛋白途径。自主神经和神经体液这两种途径相互作用,构成一个整体的网络调节系统,其中MC3/4-R很可能是瘦素-交感神经组织特异性的物质基础。

Adipose tissues can mediate energy homeostasis with impacting on centre through automatic nervous system and neurohumor in a tissue-specific way. Brown adipose tissue is mainly innervated by sympathesis, while white adipose tissue exist vagus and sensory innervation. The way of central nervous system mediating fat mobilization is likely a result of the balance between the sympathsis and parasympathic nerve. Among neuroendocrine active factor, leptin and insulin, which serve as signals of body fat, impact on neusopeptide Y/AgRP and POMC/CART neurons, while nutrients and braingut petide respectively interact with parasympathic nerve and neusopeptide Y/AgRP neuron. The integration of network is composed of automatic nerve system and neurohumor, MC3/4R may be the tissue-specific basis of leptin-sympathesis.