再论汉语语法的神摄——兼与藏缅语比较

On Shenshe of Chinese Grammar——A Comparison between Tibetan and Burmese

汉语与藏缅语确有发生学上的同源关系,但这并不能成为汉语和藏缅语相似语法特点的唯一解释。通过比较汉语语法神摄与藏缅语语法格摄的异同,发现汉语语法的神摄和藏缅语语法的格摄大抵属发生学上的同源异流关系,二者处在原始汉藏语分化的不同层次;其相似的语法神摄,有的属于同源同流,有的则是类型学上的异源同流,而有的则是借代关系。

Chinese, Tibetan and Burmese share the same origin from the perspective of genetic linguistics, but this cannot be the only explanation of similar grammatical features between Chinese, Tibetan and Burmese. In this paper, the author made a comparison between the sbenshe of Chinese grammar and Geshe of Tibetan and Burmese, thinking that the shenshe of Chinese grammar and Geshe of Tibetan and Burmese generally share the same origin but of different branches from the perspective of genetic linguistics. They two belong to different layers of primitive division of Chinese and Tibetan. They have similar grammatical Shenshe, some having the same origin and same branch, others having different origin but the same branch in typology, still others borrowing from each other.