水热梯度变化及不同施肥处理对东北地区土壤轻组有机碳、氮的影响

Effect of Gradients of Precipitation and Temperature and Fertilization on Light Fraction Organic Carbon and Nitrogen of Soils in Northeastern China

基于样区的野外观察、土壤实测数据和20年气象资料的统计,分析了东北地区内土壤轻组有机质含量的空间分布格局及其与年均温(t)、降雨量(p)、有效积温和p/(t降雨量/年均温)之间的关系。分析了相同水热条件下长期施肥措施对土壤轻组有机碳、氮含量的影响,以及不同水热条件下相同施肥措施间的差异。结果表明:样区内土壤轻组有机碳、氮含量沿纬度呈现南低北高的分布趋势;土壤轻组有机碳、氮与气候因素之间存在极显著的相关性。长期施肥处理表明,在相同水热条件下,合理施肥能提高土壤轻组有机质含量。

The spatial distribution patterns of the soil light fraction organic matter （LOM） were studied in soils in Northeastern China. The relationships among the LOM with mean annual temperature（MAT）, precipitation（P）, effective accumulation temperature（EAT） and P/MAT （the ratio of precipitation to mean annual temperature） were also analyzed. The effects of long-term fertilization on the content of LOM in areas with different gradients of rainfall and temperature were also studied. The results showed that the contents of light fraction organic carbon and nitrogen enhanced with the increase of latitude and the significant relationships with climate were founded. The reasonable application of manure and chemical fertilizers could increase the content of LOM under the same precipitation and temperature.