砌体结构震害及农村房屋加固的锚固拉结方法

Earthquake damage of masonry buildings and anchorage-tie strengthening method for rural houses

针对汶川地震造成的巨大损失,简要分析了此次地震中各种砌体结构的震害情况,并从提高结构整体牢固性角度出发,提出了一种锚固拉结的加固方法.分析了该加固方法的作用机理,并与传统的提高结构整体性加固方法——圈梁-构造柱-钢拉杆方法进行比较,发现锚固拉结的方法能够很好地提高结构的整体性,但对于结构延性的改善不如圈梁-构造柱-钢拉杆方法显著,该方法用于墙体间及墙体与楼板间连接比较差的建筑会收到比较好的效果.最后通过一个算例,从结构固有频率和振型以及最大加速度和最大位移响应的角度,研究锚固拉结方法对结构抗震性能的改善,计算表明该加固方法能够有效增强结构的整体性,降低地震响应,从而提高结构的抗震能力.

Severe damage was caused by Wenchuan earthquake. Based on analyzing the damage conditions of masonry buildings in this earthquake, an anchorage-tie strengthening method is proposed to increase the structural integrity. The interaction mechanism of this method is explained and compared with other strengthening ones which can also increase the structural integrity. It is found that the anchorage-tie Strengthening method performs better in increasing the structural integrity and has good effect when it is used to strengthen not enough sticking structures. However, in the aspect of improving structural ductility, the ring beams and constructional columns method is better than the anchorage-tie method. In the end, from the natural frequency, mode, maximum accelerator and displacement point of view, the improvement of structural seismic capacity, after using the strengthening method, is researched by an example. The results indicate that the anchorage-tie strengthening method can decrease the structural seismic response and improve the structural seismic capacity by effectively increasing the structural integrity.