机动车尾气对大鼠支气管肺泡灌洗液影响的研究

Effect of Motor Vehicle Exhaust of Main Urban Roadside on the Inflammatory Response in the Airway of Rats

目的观察机动车尾气型空气污染对大鼠支气管肺泡灌洗液的影响,探讨交通干道旁生物暴露形式可能对气道炎症产生的影响。方法健康SD大鼠60只,雌雄各半,随机分为6组,暴露组大鼠置于机动车尾气污染严重的交通主干道旁,对照组置于实验室的正常环境下。分别于14、30、90d对大鼠的支气管-肺泡灌洗液(BALF)中白细胞总数(WBC)及一氧化氮(NO)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白介素-8(IL-8)的含量进行测定。结果30d暴露组大鼠BALF中NO含量[(9.75±4.78)μmol/L]显著高于对照组[(4.40±1.45)μmol/L],而BALF中TNF-α、IL-8含量在同一观察期内两组之间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论现场动物暴露实验可观察到早期气道炎症,暴露30d为指标改变的敏感期。

Objective To evaluate the inflammatory response in the airway of healthy rats following exposure to motor vehicle exhaust. Methods Sixty healthy SD rats （30 males and 30 females, aged 6 weeks） were randomly divided into 6 groups. The rats in the exposed groups were placed by the main traffic road and those in the control group were placed in the normal laboratory environment. The bronchoalveolar lavage fluid （BALF） was analyzed on the 14th, 30th and 90th day of exposure .WBC, NO, TNF-α, and IL-8 in BALF of the rats in each group were tested. Results The NO content [（9.75±4.78） μmol/L] in BALF of the rats in the group exposed for 30 days was obviously higher than that in the control group [（4.40±1.45） μmol/L],but there was no any obvious difference between the two groups in terms of the content of TNF-α and IL-8 in BALF. Conclusion This study demonstrates that exposure to vehicle exhaust can induce inflammatory response in healthy rats, the on-the-spot experiment on animal exposure can be used to observe early respiratory tract inflammation and 30 days of exposure is the sensitive period for the change of the inflammatory indicators.