种植海拔对烤烟中性挥发性香气物质及燃吸品质的影响

Effects of Altitude on Neutral Volatile Aromatic Components in and Smoking Quality of Flue-cured Tobacco

为选择适宜的烤烟种植条件,于湘西北200～1000m范围内的不同海拔高度进行了烤烟云烟87盆栽对比试验,采用GC及GC/MS法测定了不同海拔高度盆栽初烤烟叶C3F的中性挥发性香气物质含量,并进行了卷烟评吸。结果表明:①中性挥发性香气物质总量、巨豆三烯酮A、巨豆三烯酮C、大马酮、二氢大马酮、3-羟基大马酮、苯甲醛、苯乙醛、苯乙醇及二氢猕猴桃内酯的含量均与湘西北海拔呈显著正相关(P<0.05),而3-氧化紫罗兰酮、香叶基丙酮及降茄二酮的含量均与湘西北海拔呈显著的负相关(P<0.05),巨豆三烯酮总量及茄酮的含量分别与湘西北海拔呈极显著正相关与极显著负相关(P<0.01),而巨豆三烯酮B、巨豆三烯酮D及6-甲基-5-庚烯-2-酮的含量与种植海拔相关性不显著;②随着湘西北烤烟种植海拔的升高,C3F烟叶烟气的香气量增大,刺激性降低。提高湘西北种植海拔有利于提高烟叶的燃吸品质。

In order to choose appropriate planting altitude for flue-cured tobacco, a pot-cultivation experiment for Yunyan 87 was conducted at the altitudes from 200 to 1000 m in the northwest of Hunan Province of China. The neutral volatile aromatic components in the cured tobacco of grade C3F were determined by GC and GC/MS, and the smoking quality of the same was evaluated by panel test. The results showed that： 1 ） the total content of neutral volatile aromatic components and the contents of megastigmatrienone A, megastigmatrienone C, damascenone, damascone, 3-hydroxydamascone, benzaldehyde, phenyl acetaldehyde, phenylethanol and dihydroactinidiolide were positively significantly correlated with altitude （P 〈 0.05 ）, while the contents of 3-oxo-ionone, geranyl acetone and norsolanadione were negatively significantly correlated with altitude （P 〈 0.05 ）, the content of total megastigmatrienone was positively and that of solanone was negatively extremely significantly correlated with altitude （ P 〈 0.01 ） ; there was no significant correlation between the altitude and the contents of megastigmatrienone B, megastigmatrienone D, and 6 - methyl - 5 - hepten - 2 one; 2） with the increase of altitude, the aroma quantity of C3F increased, while the irritation decreased. was concluded that growing at higher altitude would be favorable for improving the smoking quality of flue-cured tobacco in the northwest of Hunan Province.