日本优质粳稻生态适应性研究

Primary Experiment on the Ecological Adaptability of High-quality Japanese Japonica

[目的]充分利用日本优质稻的性状,提高江汉平原优质稻的性状水平。[方法]通过对引自日本的11个优质粳稻品种进行小区栽培试验,初步研究了各品种的生态适应性。[结果]在2007年的试验中,1号和3号的生育期最短,为99 d;9号的生育期最长,为113 d;对照的生育期为122 d。在2008年的试验中,4号的生育期最短,为96 d;9号的生育期最长,为117 d;对照的生育期为149 d;6号的产量最高,为8 000.0 kg/hm^2,其实粒数为233粒/穗,千粒重为24.5 g;11号的产量最低,为4 833.3 kg/hm2,其实粒数为95粒/穗,千粒重为22.8 g;其他品种的产量在5 500.0～6 966.7 kg/hm^2,结实率在83.7%～96.9%;对照的产量仅为5 002.5 kg/hm^2。[结论]6号是引进品种中性状表现最好、最稳定的品种,其余品种可以作为遴选的后备种。

[ Objective ] The aim of the study was to utilize the characteristics of high-quality Japanese rice sufficiently and enhance the characteristic level of high-quality rice in Jianghan plain. [ Method ] Eleven high-quality japonica varieties introduced from Japan were used in the plot cultivation experiment and their ecological adaptabilities were studied preliminarily. [ Result ] In the experiment carried out in 2007, the growth periods of No. 1 and No. 3 were shortest, being 99 d ; that of No. 9 was longest, being 113 d and that of CK was 122 d. In the experiment carried out in 2008, the growth period of No.4 was shortest, being 96 d; that of No. 9 was longest, being 117 d and that of CK was 149 d; the yield of No. 6 was highest, being 8 000.0 kg/hm^2, its full grains were 233 grains/panicle and its 1 000-seed weight was 24.5 g; the yield of No. 11 was lowest, being 4 833.3 kg/hm^2 , its full grains were 95 grains/panicle and its 1 000-seed weight was 22.8 g; the yields of the other varieties were between 5 500.0 and 6 966.7 kg/hm^2 and their fruiting rates were between 83.7% and 96.9% ; the yield of CK was only 5 002.5 kg/hm^2. [ Conclusion] Among introduced varieties, the characteristic performance of No. 6 was best and most stable. The other varieties could be used as reserving varieties for tender selection.