野生酸枣嫩枝扦插技术研究

Research on the Technique of Wild Jujube Softwood Cutting

[目的]探索酸枣的嫩枝扦插无性繁殖技术,以促进酸枣优良品种的快速推广和应用。[方法]将不同类型的酸枣插穗,用3种生长激素的不同浓度溶液速蘸处理后作扦插试验,调查成活率、根的长度和数量。[结果]不经过生长激素处理的情况下,酸枣嫩枝扦插的生根率仅32.0%左右。萘乙酸和吲哚乙酸3 000 mg/L的浓度速蘸效果为好,生根率分别这到74.0%和64.0%。不同插穗类型平均生根率存在较大差异,枣头一次枝梢部平均生根率明显高于其他插穗类型,平均生根率为71.8%;枣头中基部插穗次之,平均生根率为45.3%;枣头二次枝平均生根率最低,平均生根率为42.6%。[结论]酸枣的嫩枝扦插无性繁殖中,枣头一次枝梢部插穗效果最好。经过萘乙酸和吲哚乙酸3 000 mg/L的浓度速蘸处理,显著提高了插穗生根率及生根的数量和质量。

[ Objective ] The rapid extension and application of good wild jujube variety were promoted through the exploration of the technology of its softwood cutting. [ Method] The cuttages of different species of wild jujube, which were treated with three kinds of hormones with different concentrations, were experimented. The survival rate, the length and number of root of the cuttage were surveyed. [ Results ] The rooting rate of the cuttage of wild jujube was only about 32.0% under non-treatment of hormone. The best effect on the rooting rate of wild jujube softwood cutting was the treatment with NAA and indole-acetic acid of 3 000 mg/L,which rooting rate roached 74.0% and 64.0%. There was big difference in rooting rate among the different types of cuttings. The rooting rate of the shoot from first branch at the tree top position was significantly higher than other cuttings, with an average rooting rate of 71.8% ; then, the moderate and basic parts from first branch at the tree top position was ranked the second, with an average rooting rate of 45.3% and, the cuttage from the secondary branch at the tree top position was minimum value, with an average rooting rate of 42.6%. [ Conclusion ] In the experiment, the best effect of softwood cutting of wild jujube was from the shoot from first branch at the tree top position and the rooting rate, the quantity and quality of root of the cuttage treated with NAA and indole-acetic acid of 3 000 mg/L were significantly increased.