不同饲料配方对大蜡螟生长影响评价

Evaluation on the Effect of Different Feed Formulas on the Growth of Galleria mellonella L.

[目的]对大蜡螟人工饲料配方进行研制和优化筛选。[方法]以大蜡螟2龄幼虫为供试虫源,对4种人工饲料配方(配方1和2为本研究室研制,配方3和4参照文献)进行比较与评价。[结果]4种配方中,以配方2饲养的大蜡螟幼虫存活率最高,达89.3%,体重增加量和发育历期分别为0.30 g/条和19 d,极显著优于配方1和3,大蜡螟雌蛹重(0.235 g)与配方4的无显著差异,显著高于配方1和3。各配方对大蜡螟的成虫羽化率和雌虫产卵量无影响。配方1的饲料成本最低,为8.96元/kg,配方4的最高,达13.59元/kg。从综合投入和产出考虑,以配方2饲养大蜡螟幼虫的成本最低(5.82元/kg),产出效率最高,达2.703 g/(0.016元·d)。[结论]配方2(1 050 g饲料中含玉米粉、奶粉、麦麸、酵素、丙三醇、蜂蜜分别为300、100、200、100、150、200 g)对大蜡螟幼虫的饲养效果最好,产出效率高,成本低。

[ Ohjective] The study aimed to develop, optimize and screen the artificial feed formulas on Galleria mellonella L. [ Method] With fhe 2^nd to the last instar larvae of G. mellonella as the tested insect source,4 different artificial feed formulas （formula 1 and 2 developed by this Laboratory and formula 3 and 4 referred from the literature ） were compared and evaluated. [ Result ] Among 4 formulas, the formula 2 had highest survival rate of 89.3% , the increased larva weight and duration of larva development period were 0.30 g per larva and 19d resp. , significantly higher and shorter than those of formulas 1 and 3 ,the female pupae weight （0. 235 g） of G. melloneUa had no significant difference with that of fornmla 4, significantly higher than that of with formula 1 and 3. Four formulas showed no effects on the female emergence rate and the egg laying quantity. The feed cost of formulas 1 was the lowest, near 9 yuan/kg ＇and the highest cost was fommlas 4, up to 13.59 yuan/kg. Considering from the comprehensive input and output,the feed cost of formula 2 was the lowest （5.82 yuan/kg） and the output efficiency was the highest,investing 0. 016 yuan per day could produce 2. 703 g last instar larvae. [ Conclusion] The formula 2 （corn flour, milk powder,wheat bran,glycerol and honey were 300,100,200,100,150,200 g/1 050 g feed resp. ） showed best feeding effect on the larvae of G. mellonella, with higher output efficiency and lower feed cost.