甲壳素衍生物叶面肥对冬枣抗病性的影响

Effect of Foliar Fertilizer of Chitin Derivatives-"Zaofengsu"on Disease Resistance of Winter Jujube

[目的]研究甲壳素衍生物叶面肥对冬枣抗病性的影响,以期减少冬枣用药,为冬枣绿色生产奠定良好的基础。[方法]"枣丰素"叶面肥由滨州海大生物研究所自主研制,水溶性、分子量为30 000的壳聚糖,络合氮、磷、钾、腐殖酸及铁、锌、硼等微量元素。试验设置3个浓度处理(100、125、150 mg/kg),喷施清水为对照,研究7月中旬、7月下旬、8月中旬和9月下旬不同浓度"枣丰素"对冬枣叶片抗锈病、黑斑病的影响。[结果]7月中旬、7月下旬、8月中旬和9月下旬4个时期喷施125 mg/kg浓度的"枣丰素"对增强冬枣的抗锈病和抗黑斑病性极为显著,喷施100和150 mg/kg浓度的"枣丰素"对增强冬枣的抗病性不显著,但比对照要有所提高。[结论]喷施125mg/kg浓度的"枣丰素"对防治冬枣锈病、黑斑病可获得最佳效果。

[ Objective ] The purpose was to study the effect of foliar fertilizer of chitin derivatives on disease resistance of winter jujube so as to decrease the medication on winter jujube and lay a good foundation for the green production of winter jujube. [ Method] The ＂Zaofengsu＂ foliar fertilizer was developed independently by Binzhou Haida Biological Research Institute, it was water-soluble chitosan with molecular weight of 30 000 and was complex of N, P, K, humic acid and the mieroelements of Fe, Zn and B etc. The 3 concentration, treatments （1130, 125, 150 mg/kg） were set up in the test with the clean water spraying as control one to study the effects of ＂Zaofengsu＂ with different concentration at the middle 10 d of July, at the last 10 d of July, middle 10 d of August and the last 10 d of Sep. on leaf rust resistance and black spot of winter jujube leaves. [ Result] The 125 mg/kg ＂Zaofengsu＂ sprayed at 4 periods of the middle 10 d of July,the last 10 d of July, middle 10 d of August and the last 10d of Sep. had extremely significant result on strengthening the anti-leaf rust and anti-black spot of winter jujube, and the spraying of the ＂Zaofengsu＂ at 100 and 150 mg/kg were not obviously boosted up the disease resistance of winter jujube, but had some improvement than the control ones. [ Conclusion] The best result of controlling the disease of rust and black spot of winter jujube could be obtained by spraying of the ＂Zaofengsu＂ at 125 mg/kg .