枣疯病脱除方法及病原检测技术研究进展

Research Progress of Eliminating Jujube Witches′Broom and Pathogen Detection Technology

枣疯病是对枣具有毁灭性危害的病害。自从20世纪40年代国内外将枣疯病作为枣树病害研究的焦点以来,研究人员对枣疯病脱毒及其检测技术等已进行了大量研究。报道了利用热处理、茎尖培养、试管微嫁接、选育抗病品种、化学防治以及生物防治等技术对枣疯病的脱除方法,以及电子显微镜检测、分子生物学检测等检测技术在枣疯病病原检测中的应用研究现状,并对它们之间的优缺点进行了初步探讨。通过对不同技术的比较,建议在生产中将几种脱除技术及检测方法结合使用,可实现枣树脱除植原体与无病毒化栽培。

Witches＇Broom is the most destructive disease of jujube. Study on the Jujube tree disease have been the focus of the study at home and abroad since 1940s researcher had been made a large quantity researchers on pathogeny elimination and detection of the Witches＇Broom. This paper introduced the methods of the pathogeny elimination, including heat treatment, apical meristem culture, micrografting in vitro, selecting high resistant varieties,chemical control and biocontrol and so on. The detection methods of the Witches＇Broom disease were also introduced,including electron microscopical and molecular techniques. At last, the advantage and disadvantage of the methods were discussed, the compound methods to eliminate and detect the Witches＇Broom were recommend.