河北鸭梨黑斑病菌的热水药剂综合处理方法研究

Study on the Treatment with Hot Water and Fungicide Combination of Alternaria alternata(Fr.) Keissle

[目的]为建立河北鸭梨检疫除害处理技术标准提供依据。[方法]通过对河北鸭梨黑斑病菌进行室内毒力试验筛选出了杀灭病原菌菌丝的药剂条件。[结果]处理温度为40℃时,150 mg/L咪鲜胺能杀灭病原菌,但处理温度低于40℃时,750 mg/L咪鲜胺也不能杀灭病原菌。噻菌灵的抑菌率集中在20%～30%。处理温度低于40℃时,克菌丹的抑菌率低于50%;处理温度为40℃时,1 000mg/L克菌丹的抑菌率高达90%。处理时间为40 min时,400和500 mg/L抑霉唑的抑菌率在90%～100%,病原菌没有被杀灭;处理时间20 min及以上时,300 mg/L抑霉唑能杀灭病原菌。处理温度为20℃及以上时,300 mg/L抑霉唑能杀灭病原菌;处理温度为40℃时,400和500 mg/L抑霉唑能杀灭病原菌;处理温度为20℃时,400 mg/L抑霉唑能杀灭病原菌。[结论]该研究为防治河北鸭梨黑斑病菌提供了技术依据。

[ Objective ] The study aimed to provide basis for establishing the technical standard of quarantine and disinfection treatment for Hebei Yali pear. [ Method] The agent condition of killing pathogen mycelium was selected out through carrying out indoor toxicity test on Alternaria alternata （ Fr. ） Keissle. [ Result] When the treatment temperature was 40℃, 150 mg/L prochloraz could kill the pathogen. But when the treat- ment temperature was lower than 40℃, 750 mg/L prochloraz could not kill the pathogen yet. The inhibitory rates of thiabendazole were centralized in 20% - 30%. When the treatment temperature was lower than 40 ℃, the inhibitory rates of captan were lower than 50% ; when the treatment temperature was 40℃, the inhibitory rate of 1 000 mg/L captan was up to 90%. When the treatment time was 40 rain, the inhibitory rates of 400 and 500 mg/L imazalil were between 90% and 100% and the pathogen was not killed; when the treatment time was 20 min or longer, 300 mg/L imazalil could kill the pathogen. When the treatment temperature was 20℃ or higher, 300 mg/L imazalil could kill the pathogen; when the treatment temperature was 40℃, both 400 and 500 mg/L imazalil could kill the pathogen ; when the treatment temperature was 20℃, 400 mg/L imazalil could kill the pathogen. [ Conclusion] The study supplied technical basis for controlling A. alternata.