广东省医疗保健机构新生儿科护理人力资源的调查

Investigation on nursing human resources in neonatology department of hospitals in Guangdong province

目的了解广东省医疗保健机构新生儿科护理人员配置、学历分布及职称构成情况,为新生儿科护理人员的合理配置和有效管理提供依据。方法通过信函、现场调查及电子邮件的形式,对广东省各级别医院的新生儿科护理人员的人力资源情况进行调查,内容包括医院新生儿科设置床位数,重症监护床位数以及护士人数、职称、学历构成等情况。结果各级别医院新生儿科护理人员职称分布为:护士比例最高占51.17%,其次为护师占32.94%,主管护师占14.15%,副主任护师及以上占1.73%;学历情况:大专及以上占37.76%,中专占60.23%。一级、二级和三级医院实际配置护理人员数均低于理论配置人数,需求比分别为31.9%、35.8%、46.0%。结论各级医院新生儿科普遍存在护理人员配置不足、人才梯队不合理的现象,并且级别越低的医院这种现象越严重,这将影响新生儿科的护理质量,因此,合理配置新生儿科的护理人力,实现科学有效的护理人力资源管理尤为重要。

Objective To learn human resources of nursing by understanding quantity and quality of nurses in the department of neonatology in hospitals of Guangdong province, and provide bases for reasonable allocation and effective management of nursing sources. Method Letters, field investigation and e-mails were used to gather information on nursing resource in the department of neonatology of hospitals in Guangdong province, including the number of beds, the number of ICU beds, the number of nurses, and educational background of nurses. Results Among the nurses in the department of neonatology in all the hospitals, nurses accounted for 51.17%, primary nurses 32.94%, nurse-in-charge 14.15%, chief superintendent nurses and co-chief superintendent nurse accounted for 1.73%.Those who graduated from colleges accounted for 37.76%, and thoses who graduated form secondary specialized schools accounted for 60.23%. The number of nurses in all levels of hospitals was lower than the theoretical allocated number. The demand rates in three levels hospitals were 31.9%, 35.8%, and 46.0% respectively. Conclusions Lack of nursing human resource is a common issue that neonatology departments of all hospitals have to face. This will influence the quality of nursing, and threat health of newborns. Thus, rational collocating nursing human resource of neonatology department and implementing effective nursing management in hospitals are very important.