神经干细胞移植对脊髓损伤后神经再生促进作用的研究进展

The progress of the neural stem cells transplanted to promote the nerve regeneration after spinal cord injury

脊髓损伤后神经再生成为世界性的难题与研究重点。近年来研究表明具有多向分化潜能的神经干细胞存在于神经系统的多个区域,且能够适应性地与宿主中枢神经整合,产生外源性神经元和神经胶质细胞,从而重新连接已断的神经元回路。此外,神经干细胞还可通过分泌神经营养因子及抑制神经再生阻碍因子等作用使残存脱髓鞘的神经纤维和新生的神经纤维髓鞘化,从而恢复神经结构的完整性,促进神经功能恢复。

Spinal cord injury repair is a worldwide problem and the research priorities. Recent studies show that neural stem cells with many potential to divide exist in many areas of the nervous system, and have the ability to integrate with the host central nervous adaptability. The neural stem cells transplanted to the site of spinal cord injury make the left demyelinaed nerve fibers and generated nerve fibers myelinated by generating exogenous neurons and glia, thus reconstructing neurons loop and restoring the integrity of the structure. What＇s more, the neural stem cells can also promote nerve pathways recovery and reconstruction by secreting some neurotrophic factors and inhibiting nerve regeneration-impeded factors.